The I-beam and H-beam, also known as universal beams and universal columns, can be recognized by their ‘I’ and ‘H’-shaped cross sections.

The middle section of a beam, known as the ‘web,’ is vertical. The two ends of the beam are called ‘flanges.’ Universal beams are shaped in such a way to support weight in one direction and offer added strength as a result of this shape. Most universal beams are used in floors because they support more weight than a square beam, but they are weaker against horizontal movement and cannot handle twisting.